Skip to main content

Early 14th-century manuscript containing the 'Volumen' and 'Liber Feudorum' of Justinian, with the 'Glossa Ordinaria' of Accursius, and some miniatures of Andrea da Bologna., 1330 - 1335.

 Item
Identifier: Adv.MS.10.1.4 (i)

Scope and Contents

Manuscript containing the 'Volumen' of Justianian, as well as the 'Liber Feudorum', a work which is not normally included with the compilation of the 'Volumen'. The work is accompanied by the standard gloss of Accursius. Some of the illuminations have been attributed to Andrea da Bologna.

The manuscript was written and illuminated in Italy, probably Bologna. Dolezalek has dated the manuscript to the first half of the 14th century. This view has been supported by art historians who suggest a date of 1330-1335 based on the illuminations. The manuscript has also been attributed to the 13th century by Walters and Borland.

The text is written in double columns and is surrounded by the gloss of Accursius. There are around 57 lines to a page, but this is variable. Both the main body of text and the gloss are written in the round Gothic bookhand associated with Bologna, litterae Bononiensis.

The manuscript is a book of the 'university' type, produced by the 'pecia' method. In this method approved and accurate exemplars were lent out in convenient sections, or peciae, by official stationers so that many scribes could be simultaneously at work on the same text. In the present work, marginal pecia marks indicate where each 'piece' of the exemplar ended.

The scribes marked the end of the peciae which they had copied in the margins, both for the corpus and for the apparatus, and a corrector also marked there that he had re-collated the copied text to the pecia. Dolezalek has identified the following pecia marks: folio 73r next to text: 'f. xiii. p. cor.', and in same ink above it: 'cor.'; folio 283r mark next to the apparatus: 'fi pe. ii.', and in different ink above it 'cor.'; folio 283v next to the text: 'fi. i. pe.'.

The full contents are as follows:

Justinian, Institutiones. Folios 1r-78v.

Justinian, Liber Authenticum (Novellae). Folios 79r-206v.

Justinian, Tres Libri. Folios 207r-276v.

Justinian, Liber Feudorum (here styled Collation X). Folios 277r-305v.

List of Titles in a cursive script. Folio 306r.

Dolezalek has identified several small additions and commentaries throughout the text. Most additions are anonymous, but some are able to be attributed to a particular author. Within the 'Volumen' these include Cinus de Pistorio, Jacobus de Arena, Bartholomaeus de Capua, and others, visible on folios 10v, 14r, 14v. Within the 'Authenticum' there are additions present from the works of Jacobus de Belviso and Andreas de Isernia, visbile on folios 82r, 83r, 89r, 91v, 92r, 92v, 93v, 94r and 214v. Within the 'Tres libri' there is an addition from the work of Andreas de Isernia on 214v.

The decoration consists of a number of large and finely executed miniatures and smaller miniatures illustrating the details of social life. There are many decorated smaller initials throughout, often with human heads. The colours used most frequently are deep blue, vermillion, magenta and sage green, relieved by white tracery. Burnished gold is used in the backgrounds. Folios 79r-89v do not contain any decoration of the larger initials. Paraphs are given in blue and red, alternately. A rubric occupies the centre of the head of each folio recto and verso: on each verso, the capital 'L', for 'Liber', in red; on each recto, the Roman numeral for the particular book. The pen strokes forming the numerals for books numbers alternate red and blue for each new sequence.

The miniatures can be found on the following folios: 1r, 16r, 37v, 56v, 79r, 146r, 207r, 231v, 231v, 277r.

Art historians have suggested that the bust-length figures and heads against a blue ground with white hair-lines are typical of the decoration throughout such Bolognese manuscripts. They further attribute the grey and pink flesh tones with deep eye shadows to Andrea da Bologna, the leading Bolognese illuminator between 1320 and 1348. Much of the work on the other folios is by assistants.

Quire signatures are normally given as Arabic numerals and strokes, or lower-case letters. These are occasionally visbile on the bottom right corner of the recto side of a folio; however, many have been cropped.

Horizontal catchwords are present on the following folios: 20v, 30v, 60v, 70v, 88v, 98v, 158v, 198v, 226v, 246v, 286v, 296v.

Each folio recto and verso has been lined and ruled. Prickings marking both the vertical and horizontal lines of the text columns are occasionally evident on folios.

Dates

  • Creation: 1330 - 1335.

Creator

Conditions Governing Access

Normal access conditions apply.

Conditions Governing Use

Normal reproduction conditions apply, subject to any copyright restrictions.

Extent

1 Volumes ; 45cm x 27cm x 9.5cm

Language of Materials

Latin

Arrangement

306 folios, as well as 3 paper flyleaves to the front and 3 paper flyleaves to the back, all probably 19th century.

Collation as recorded by Catherine Borland: a-g¹⁰, h⁸, i-v¹⁰, x⁸, y-H¹⁰

Custodial History

The manuscript was bought by a lawyer, name erased, of Ravello in 1349. This is evident through a partially erased ownership inscription on folio 306v.

There is a further erased inscription on folio 306v which could possibly read 'Andreas F...s'.

The manuscript was bought in London in 1831 by the Library of the Faculty of Advocates.

Immediate Source of Acquisition

Deposited, 1925, by the Faculty of Advocates.

Bibliography

Borland, C. R. 'Catalogue of the Mediaeval Manuscripts in the Library of the Faculty of Advocates at Edinburgh', 4 volumes (Unpublished manuscript, 1906-8), Volume II, folios 320-329. NLS Reference: F.R.196a/2.

Casse, E. 'The Missal of Cardinal Bertrand de Deux: A Study in 14th-century Bolognese Miniature Painting' trans. Michael Hoyle (Firenze, 1980).

Dolezalek, G. 'Verzeichnis der Handschriften zum Römischen Recht bis 1600' (Frankfurt am Main, 1972).

Dolezalek, G. 'Manuscripta Juridica', online resource provided by Max-Planck-Institut für europäische Rechtsgeschichte: http://manuscripts.rg.mpg.de/manuscript/2463/

'Italy: An Exhibition of Books and Manuscripts. National Library of Scotland' (Edinburgh, 1966), page 1, number 3.

'Folio Catalogue of Manuscripts: Law' (Unpublished manuscript, Edinburgh [?18??]), folio 1. NLS Reference: FR.185.

Kristeller, P. O. and Sigrid Krämer (eds.). 'Latin Manuscripts Books Before 1600: A List of the Printed Catalogues and Unpublished Inventories of Extant Collections'. Fourth revised and enlarged edition (München, 1993), pages 386-388.

'Rarer Gifts than Gold: Fourteenth-Century Art in Scottish Collections' (Glasgow, 1988), pages 28-32.

'Summary Catalogue of the Advocates' Manuscripts' (Edinburgh, 1971), page 67, number 822; page 105, number 1337.

'Treasures from Scottish Libraries: Catalogue of an Exhibition held in the Library of Trinity College Dublin, 3 July – 1 August 1964' (Edinburgh, 1964), page 8.

Walters, D. B. 'Civilian Manuscripts in the Advocates' Library (National Library of Scotland), Edinburgh', Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung, Volume 89, Number 1 (1972,) pages 376–378.

Physical Description

Vellum.

19th-century red morocco binding with marbled endpapers. The front and back boards have gold-tooled borders and a gold-tooled centre panel with decorative corner pieces. The spine has raised bands, between each of which is a gold-tooled diamond-shaped floral design. A gold-tooled title on the spine reads: 'CORPVS IVRIS CIVILIS TOM I'. The edges of the leaves have been sprinkled with red.

The paper flyleaves have a watermark of grapes with a set of initials which possibly reads 'B M I'.

The volume was possibly repaired in 1930, according to a pencil inscription on the verso side of the last paper flyleaf to the rear which lists a date and price. This inscription reads: '05/-/- 2 vols 10/11/30'.

Repository Details

Part of the National Library of Scotland Archives and Manuscripts Division Repository

Contact:
Archives and Manuscript Division
National Library of Scotland
George IV Bridge
Edinburgh EH1 1EJ
0131 623 3700