The publishing house of John Murray was closely connected with the poet, Lord Byron. This relationship started when John Murray [II] published the first canto of 'Childe Harold's Pilgrimage' in 1812. The poem catapulted Lord Byron to fame and Murray continued to publish the poetry of Byron until they parted over disagreements relating to 'Don Juan'. The correspondence reflects a close personal relationship between the men, as well as including great detail about the publishing process of the works of Byron. The letters of Murray to Byron have been published in 'Letters of John Murray to Lord Byron', edited by Andrew Nicolson. In addition to correspondence between the two men, there are also letters and fragments of letters of and to John Murray II relating to Lord Byron.

The relationship between the publishing house of Murray and Lord Byron did not stop with the death of the poet. The house was long associated with works about Byron after his death, as well as being concerned with the collection and provenance of Byron manuscripts. There are letters here relating to some of these publications and manuscripts, including 'Works of Lord Byron: letters and journals', edited by Rowland Edmund Prothero and published by Murray between 1898-1901.

Correspondence here also includes letters of many people involved with biographies or catalogues relating to Byron, including Lady Anne Isabella Blunt, Charlotte Carleton (Lady Dorchester), Ernest Hartley Coleridge, Ralph Gordon Noel King Milbanke, Rowland Edmund Prothero, and Thomas James Wise. There are also letters relating to the 1872 publication of 'Unpublished letters of Lord Byron' by Henry S. Schultess-Young.

The series also contains correspondence and newspaper clippings concerning the sale and provenance of Byron manuscripts and other items.